真空包裝(zhuang)中(zhong)重要(yao)的其(qi)一環節是(shi)(shi)除氧(yang),有利于防止(zhi)食(shi)品變質(zhi),其(qi)原理也比較(jiao)簡單(dan),因(yin)食(shi)品霉腐變質(zhi)主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的活動(dong)造(zao)成, 而大多數(shu)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(如(ru)霉菌(jun)(jun)和酵母(mu)菌(jun)(jun))的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存是(shi)(shi)需(xu)要(yao)氧(yang)氣的,而真空包裝(zhuang) 就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)運用這個原理,把包裝(zhuang)袋(dai)內和食(shi)品細(xi)胞內的氧(yang)氣抽掉,使微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)失去“生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存的環境”。實驗證(zheng)明:當包裝(zhuang)袋(dai)內的氧(yang)氣濃(nong)度(du)≤1%時(shi), 微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長和繁殖速(su)度(du)就(jiu)急劇(ju)下(xia)降(jiang),氧(yang)氣濃(nong)度(du)≤0.5%,大多數(shu)微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)將受到抑制而停止(zhi)繁殖。(注(zhu):真空包裝(zhuang)不(bu)能(neng)抑制厭氧(yang)菌(jun)(jun)的繁殖和酶反應引起的食(shi)品變質(zhi) 和變色,因(yin)此(ci)還需(xu)與其(qi)他輔助方法(fa)結合,如(ru)冷藏、速凍、脫水、高溫殺菌、輻照滅菌、微波殺菌、鹽腌制等(deng)。
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